E-H I-M N-Q R-T U-Z

After the Sumerian culture was lost without passing on its knowledge, the Egyptians were the next to formally divide their day into parts something like our hours. Obelisks (slender, tapering, four-sided monuments) were built as early as 3500 B.C. Their moving shadows formed a kind of sundial, enabling citizens to partition the day into two parts by indicating noon. They also showed the year’s longest and shortest days when the shadow at noon was the shortest or longest of the year....

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Featherweight (under 148 lbs): 1. Steven Lopez, USA def. 2. Sin Joon-Sik, S. Kor (1-0); 3. Hadi Saeibonehkohal, IRN def. Tuncay Caliskan, AUT (4-2). Welterweight (under 176 lbs): 1. Angel Valodia Matos Fuentes, CUB def. 2. Faissal Ebnoutalib, GER (3-1); 3. Victor Manuel Estrada Garibay, MEX def. Roman Livaja, SWE (2-1). Heavyweight (176+ lbs): 1. Kim Kyong-Hun, S. Kor def. 2. Daniel Trenton, AUS (6-2); 3. Pascal Gentil, FRA def....

The causes: viruses. More than 200 different viruses are known to cause the symptoms of the common cold. Rhinoviruses (from the Greek rhin, meaning “nose”) cause an estimated 30% to 35% of all adult colds, and are most active in early fall, spring and summer. More than 110 distinct rhinovirus types have been identified. Coronaviruses are believed to cause a large percentage of all adult colds. They induce colds primarily in the winter and early spring....

Bauxite: This mineral is used to make aluminum. Guinea in Africa is rich with it. Cashews: These delicious nuts grow on trees in Mozambique, a country in southeast Africa. Chewing Gum: The sapodilla tree of Central America is the source of chicle, which is what puts the chew in chewing gum. Chocolate: The seed of the cacao tree, which is found on many Caribbean islands, is used to make chocolate....

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The type of volcanic eruption is often labeled with the name of a well-known volcano where characteristic behavior is similar—hence the use of such terms as “Strombolian,” “Vulcanian,” “Vesuvian,” “Pelean,” “Hawaiian,” and others. Some volcanoes may exhibit only one characteristic type of eruption during an interval of activity—others may display an entire sequence of types. In a “Strombolian”-type eruption observed during the 1965 activity of Irazu Volcano in Costa Rica, huge clots of molten lava burst from the summit crater to form luminous arcs through the sky....

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People bring their glass to recycling centers. The glass is sorted by color at these centers. The glass is transported to a processing facility where it is cleaned and crushed into what is called cullet. The cullet is brought to a manufacturing plant and mixed with more sand, soda ash and limestone. The mixture is heated in a furnace and turned into a liquid. The liquid is then poured into molds and shaped into new products....